• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention sets forth a method and apparatus for improving the injection and mixture of fuel and air in air-compressing combustion engines. The fuel is admitted into a rotationally symmetrical combustion chamber in such a manner that all droplets of the fuel stream are finely atomized at all speed and/or load ranges of the engine, and that the complete spray on entering the combustion chamber is so broken up that, from the combustion chamber wall to a point approximately one third of the combustion chamber radius, the broken-up spray matches the combustion chamber geometry, the injection of the fuel being effected in such a manner as to match the velocity and/or density distribution of the combustion air which rotates in the combustion chamber.
    公开号:SU990085A3
    申请号:SU813235500
    申请日:1981-01-29
    公开日:1983-01-15
    发明作者:Цюрнер Ханс-Юрген；Штаймер Вернер；Эммерлинг Вольфрам
    申请人:М.А.Н. Машиненфабрик Аугсбург-Нюрнберг Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to internal combustion engines, and can be used in engines in which the combustion chamber is located in the piston.
    Known methods of mixing in internal combustion engines with compression ignition by applying an air discharge to the engine cylinder, swirling around the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber, injecting a jet of finely atomized fuel obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the chamber, burning in the direction of the rotating air and distributing the fuel in the combustion chamber in according to its geometry [ί}.
    Devices for implementing the method of mixture formation in a compression ignition internal combustion engine 2 q comprise a combustion chamber located in the piston bottom and made in the form of a body of revolution with an inclined wall, the generatrix of which is 25 connected with a flat bottom in radius and constitutes a narrow neck with a surface the bottom of the piston, and equipped with at least one nozzle opening, a fuel nozzle mounted in the cylinder head at the neck edge at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and the combustion chamber, the diameter p of the combustion chamber increases - towards its bottom [1]. Known methods of mixing and devices for their implementation allow to obtain satisfactory characteristic mixtures ..
    However, when the engine is operating at low loads with a low rotational speed of the jsana crankshaft, the process of mixture formation worsens.
    The purpose of the invention is the improvement of the processes of mixture formation.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that fuel is injected in the area from the wall of the combustion chamber to 1/3 of the radius of its neck and is distributed in this zone from the bottom of the combustion chamber to the edge of its neck.
    When injecting fuel, the axis of the fuel jet can be positioned tangentially to a circle with a diameter equal to 0.60.7 of the diameter of the neck.
    In addition, the ratio of the diameter of the neck of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the piston is equal to 0.44-0.5 ^ the ratio of the height of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the throat is 0.55-0.63, and the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the combustion chamber to the longitudinal axis of the chamber is
    4-7 °.
    The ratio of the radius mating the generatrix of the combustion chamber with its bottom to the diameter of the neck can be made equal to 0.2-0.25.
    The ratio of the cross section of the nozzle hole of the fuel nozzle to the length of the nozzle in the scrap nozzle can be made 0.55-0.75.
    The ratio of the cross section with one nozzle 10 equal to the section of the nozzle hole to the corresponding section of at least one additional nozzle hole can be made equal to 4-2.
    The angles of inclination of the axes of the nozzle nozzle holes to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber can be made equal to 40-50 °.
    In FIG. 1 shows a device for implementing a mixture formation method in an internal combustion engine, general view; in FIG. 2 - dependence of the speed V of the vortex motion of an air charge on the radius of the combustion chamber g; in FIG. 3 - a combustion chamber, which shows the distribution of the density of the fuel, the spirit through the nozzle by the opening,
    - the same, with holes; in Fig. a part of the piston with a chamber with fuel injection through the front sawing hole 6 of the same injected into the air-lift unit by spraying a longitudinal section; with two sprays 5 35 in FIG. with the upper wound and a trunk with it, a longitudinal section; Fig. same, top view; in FIG. 7 with two saw holes, longitudinal section; in FIG. 8 - the same, 40 top view.
    A device for implementing the method of mixing in an internal combustion engine with compression ignition comprises a 1.45 combustion chamber located in the piston bottom 2 3. The combustion chamber 1 is made in the form of a body of revolution with an inclined wall 4, the generatrix of which is coupled to a flat bottom 5 of the combustion chamber 1 and constitutes a narrowed neck 6 with the surface of the piston bottom 2. 3. In the cylinder head (not shown) at the edge 7 of the neck 6 a fuel nozzle (not shown) is installed at an angle to the longitudinal axis 8 of the cylinder and the combustion chamber 1. The nozzle is supplied with at least one nozzle hole 9. The diameter of the combustion chamber 1 is made increasing towards its bottom 5.
    The ratio of the diameter of the neck 6 of the combustion chamber 1 to the diameter of the piston 3 is 0.44-0.5, the ratio of the height of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the neck is 0.55-0.63. The wall 4 of the combustion chamber is inclined 50 yen to the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber at an angle of 4-7 °. The ratio of the radius R that matches the generatrix of the wall 4 of the chamber, combustion with its bottom 5, to the diameter of the neck 6 is made equal to 0.2-0.25. The ratio of the cross section of the nozzle hole 9 to the length of the nozzle, if used by the nozzle, is 0.75.
    In a nozzle with two nozzles with one nozzle 0.55 or more Nozzle holes, the ratio of the cross-sectional section of the nozzle hole 9 to the corresponding section of the additional nozzle hole 10 is chosen equal to 4-2. The angles of inclination of the axes (not shown) of the nozzle holes of the nozzle to the profile axis 8 of the combustion chamber are made equal to 40-50 °.
    in the zone up to 1/3 of the debris 5 of its mountains I The method is as follows.
    An air discharge 11 is supplied to the engine cylinder, swirling it around the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber. 1. In the direction of the rotating air, a jet of finely atomized fuel is injected obliquely to the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber 1 from the wall of the combustion chamber 4 of the radius of its neck (~ β ) and the fuel is drained in this zone from the combustion chamber 1 to the edge of the bore 6 in accordance with the geometry of the combustion chamber. With fuel injection. the axis of the jet 12 is arranged tangentially to the circle 13 with a diameter equal to 0.6-0.7 of the diameter of the neck 6. The maximum peripheral speed v m <ax. an air charge arises at a distance r *, from the axis 8 of the combustion chamber, equal to 0.6-0.7 of the radius of the neck 6 of the combustion chamber, and the greatest air density is achieved between the wall of the combustion chamber and the distance from the axis of the combustion chamber,; equal to 0.6-0.7 radius! the neck. The frequency of rotation of the air charge, referred to the 0.7 diameter of the piston, with the intake valve fully open and the average axial piston speed of 10 m / s, is 130-150 Hz. When implementing this method, the fuel as a result of fine dusting is not pressed against the wall 4 of the combustion chamber. This is ensured by the size of the nozzle openings and the injection pressure, which should be constant and high enough at all engine operating modes. The taper angle ci of the fuel jet is 35-45 °. In the event that the present method is used in an engine with a flat combustion chamber or with a relatively large combustion chamber, it is advisable to inject fuel with several jets 12 and 14.
    Jet 14 is optional.
    The taper angle ci 'when using the nozzle with two nozzle openings remains equal to 35-45®, and the angle within 5-10 ° is formed by an additional jet 14.
    The described method of mixture formation 5 in an internal combustion engine with compression ignition and a device for its implementation as a result of successfully selected ratios of sizes and parameters of fuel supply Yu can improve the processes of mixture formation in an internal combustion engine.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    The neck diameter is 0.55-0.63, and the angle of inclination of the combustion chamber to the longitudinal axis of the chamber is 4-7. The ratio of the radius conjugating the forming combustion chambers from its bottom to the throat diameter can be equal to 0.2-0.25. The ratio of the cross section from the bottom hole of the fuel injector to the nozzle length in the injector with a single bottom can be equal to 0 55-0.75. The ratio of the cross section of the salt aperture to the corresponding section of at least one additional g of the complementary nozzle opening can be made equal to 4-2. The angles of inclination of the axes of the nozzle openings of the nozzle to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber can be made equal to 40-50 °. FIG. 1 shows a device for carrying out the method of blending or in an internal combustion engine a general view; in fig. 2 - dependence of the velocity V of the vortex motion of the air charge on the radius of the chamber, cr g w; in fig. 3 shows a combustion chamber in which the density distribution of the fuel injected into the air through a nozzle with one spray hole is shown, longitudinal section in FIG. 4 - the same, with two spray holes; in fig. 5 top Part of a piston with a combustion chamber and fuel injection through a nozzle with one spray hole, a longitudinal section; in fig. 6 then zhz, top view; in fig. 7 - then with two spray holes, longitudinal section; in fig. 8 - there is a top view. A device for carrying out the method of mixing in an internal combustion engine with a compression ignition contains a combustion chamber located in floor 2 of the piston 3. The combustion chamber 1 is filled in the form of a rotating body with an inclined wall 4, which is associated with the flat bottom 5 of the combustion chamber 1 and consists of There is a narrowed neck 6 with the surface of the bottom 2 of the piston 3. In the cylinder head (not shown), at the edge 7 of the neck 6, a fuel nozzle (not shown) is installed at an angle to the longitudinal axis 8 of the cylinder and its chamber 1, the nozzle provides on at least one nozzle orifice 9. The diam. of combustion chamber 1 is made increasing towards its bottom 5. The ratio of the diameter of the neck of the b of the combustion chamber 1 to the diameter of the piston 3 is 0.44-0.5, the ratio of the height of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the neck - 0.55-0.63. Forming the walls 4 of the combustion chamber is inclined to the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber at an angle of 4-7 °. The ratio of the radius R that conjugates the forming walls of the chamber 4, the combustion with the bottom 5, to the diameter of the neck b is equal to 0.2-0.25. The ratio of the cross-section of the nozzle orifice 9 to the length of the nozzle, if a nozzle with one nozzle is used, is equal to 0.550, 75. In a nozzle with two or more nozzle holes, the ratio of the cross section of the Nozzle hole 9 to the corresponding cross section of the additional nozzle hole 10 is chosen to be 4-2. The angles of inclination of the axes (not shown) of the nozzle holes of the nozzle to the profile axis 8 of the combustion chamber are equal to 40-50. The method is carried out as follows. An air discharge 11 is fed into the engine cylinder and swirled around the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber 1. In the direction of the rotating air, a jet of finely sprayed fuel is injected obliquely to the longitudinal axis 8 of the combustion chamber 1 in the zone from the wall of the combustion chamber 4 to 1/3 of its throat radius (T) and the fuel is separated in this zone from the bottom 5 of the combustion chamber 1 to the edge 7 of its throat b in accordance with the geometry of the combustion chamber. With fuel injection. the axis of the jet 12 is positioned tangentially to a circle 13 with a diameter equal to 0.6-0.7 of the diameter of the neck b. The maximum circumferential velocity mci), air charge occurs at a distance g from the axis 8 of the combustion chamber, equal to 0.6-0.7 of the radius of the mouth 6 of the combustion chamber, and the highest air density is reached between the wall of the combustion chamber and the distance from the axis of the combustion chamber equal to 0.6-0.7 throat radius. The frequency of rotation of the air charge, referred to 0.7 of the diameter of the piston, with the intake valve fully open and the average axial velocity of the piston 10 m / s is 130-150 Hz. When implementing this method, the fuel is not pressed as a result of fine atomization against the wall 4 of the combustion chamber. This is ensured by the size of the nozzle holes and the injection pressure, which must be constant and high enough in all engine operating conditions. The angle ot of the taper of the jet of fuel is between 35 ° C and 45 °. In the event that the present method is applied in a flat-burn engine or with a relatively large burn chamber, it is advisable to inject fuel in several jets 12 and 14. Strür 14 is optional. Angle oi. taper when using a nozzle with two nozzle openings remains 35-45, and the angle within S-lQo is formed by an additional jet 14. The described method of mixing in the internal combustion engine with compression ignition and a device for its implementation as a result of well-chosen ratios the dimensions and parameters of the fuel supply allows for improved mixing processes in an internal combustion engine. Claims 1. Method of mixing in an internal combustion engine from compression by supplying an extra charge to an engine cylinder, swirling around the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber, injecting a jet of thinly sprayed fuel obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber in the direction of the rotating air and distributing the fuel in the combustion chamber in accordance with its geometry,: characterized in that, in order to improve the processes of mixing, fuel is injected in the zone from the wall of the combustion chamber to one one third of the throat radius and is sprayed in this zone from the bottom of the chamber to the edge of its throat.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, is also distinguished by the fact that when fuel is injected, the axis of the fuel jet is tangential to a circle with a diameter equal to 0.6-0.7 throat diameter.
    [3]
    3. A device for carrying out the method of mixing in an internal combustion engine with compression ignition, comprising a combustion chamber located in the bottom of the piston and made in the form of a rotational body with a sloping wall, which forms a diameter to the flat bottom of the combustion chamber along the radius and constitute a narrowed a throat with a piston bottom surface, and a fuel nozzle fitted with at least one nozzle orifice mounted in the cylinder head at the edge of the throat at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and Combustion cells, the diameter of the combustion chamber increasing towards its bottom, characterized in that, in order to improve the processes of mixing, the ratio of the diameter of the throat of the combustion chamber to the diameter of the piston is 0.44-0.5 the throat is 0.55-0.6-3, and the angle of inclination of the combustion chamber KEM to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber is 4-7 °.
    [4]
    4. Device pop. 3, characterized by the fact that the ratio of the radius connecting the generator of the combustion chamber with its bottom to the diameter of the throat is 0.2-0.25.
    [5]
    5. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the relationship between the cross section of the nozzle orifice of the fuel nozzle and the length of the nozzle in the nozzle with one nozzle is 0.55-0.75.
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross section of the nozzle orifice to the corresponding section of at least one additional nozzle orifice is 4-2.
    [7]
    7. The device according to paragraphs. 3-6, the fact that the angles of inclination of the axes of the nozzle openings of the nozzle to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber are equal to 40-50. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Patent of the USSR 691103, cl. F 02 B 23/06, 1975.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE3003411A1|1981-08-20|
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    US4401071A|1983-08-30|
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    引用文献:
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    DE3151293A1|1981-12-24|1983-07-07|Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart|FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR DIRECT FUEL INJECTION IN COMBUSTION ENGINES|
    DE3243175C2|1982-11-23|1986-06-19|Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln|Fuel injector|
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    JPS6063026U|1983-10-06|1985-05-02|
    US4685432A|1983-10-31|1987-08-11|Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho|Method and device for forming mixture gas in direct injection type internal combustion engine|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3003411A|DE3003411C2|1980-01-31|1980-01-31|Self-igniting reciprocating internal combustion engine|
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